Seattle-Denver Center of Innovation (COIN)

COIN Investigators & Staff

COIN Investigators

Lucas Donovan, MD, MS

Title: Core Investigator, Associate Director, VA Collaborative Evaluation Center
Associate Professor, University of Washington School of Medicine

Contact: Lucas.Donovan@va.gov

Location: Seattle

University of Washington webpage

See Dr. Donovan's Dimensions profile that includes: publications, grants, datasets, patents and clinical trials

I aim to understand and address gaps in the delivery of effective care, primarily in the areas of sleep disorders and lung disease. To do so, I work to adapt, test, and implement health system interventions that improve the reach of evidence-based services.

The VA seeks to deliver high-quality and patient-centered care. It is incredibly rewarding to work in an organization that shares my values and work with our nation's Veterans.

Through ongoing trials among patients with obstructive sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, I am to inform sustainable health system strategies that improve the delivery of care and patients' quality of life.

The following images visualize Dr. Donovan's work. The word cloud is drawn from publication titles. The research collaboration map shows research relationships (click the image to enlarge):

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Grants & Funding

Pragmatic Trial to Enhance Quality Safety, and Patient Experience in COPD -- EQuiP COPD

Role: Co-PI with David Au
The study team will conduct this clinical trial at five medical centers and 38 associated clinics within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in Washington, Oregon, Minnesota, and Massachusetts.
The study will recruit at least 200 PCPs. It will randomly assign them to population management by either pulmonary specialists or pharmacists.
The team will then look at the participating PCP’s patient panels to identify patients with COPD who might benefit from better care quality.
Pulmonary specialists and pharmacists will review patients based on the group to which their PCP is assigned.
After review, pulmonary specialists and pharmacists will then deliver evidence-based recommendations to PCPs along with unsigned orders to streamline care. The study team expects to provide guidance to at least 4,000 patients.
Primary outcomes will be:
(1) the percentage of guideline-recommended therapies that patients receive as measured from the medical record,
(2) quality of life as measured by the Clinical COPD Questionnaire, and
(3) whether patients experience a COPD exacerbation, lung infections, hospitalization, or death as measured from medical records.
Secondary outcomes will include how often PCPs accept recommendations and how often patients experience each outcome noted above.
PCORI Website

Pragmatic Obstructive Sleep Apnea Weight Loss Trial Assessing Effectiveness and Reach (POWER)

Role: Co-PI with Katherine Hoerster
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an obesity-related condition that affects 1.3 million Veterans, reduces the quality of life, and is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Despite the potential of weight loss to reverse OSA, the real-world impact is limited.
Veterans seldom receive weight loss services due to a lack of counseling and poor accessibility of current weight loss offerings. Furthermore, there is uncertainty around the benefits of modest weight loss in achieving meaningful outcomes in OSA.
This trial will examine the effectiveness of a population health approach to weight loss care among Veterans with OSA. We will use a remote lifestyle-based weight loss intervention that is self-directed, low-technology, and likely low-cost.
We propose a pragmatic trial of proactively delivering this novel intervention among patients with newly diagnosed OSA. We will test whether such an intervention improves weight and meaningful outcomes, including sleep-related quality of life, sleep symptoms, and cardiovascular risk.
Funder: Veterans Affairs
NIH website
Publications of note:
Sleep Apnea, Obesity, and Readmissions: Real Risks or Residual Confounding?

Redesigning Medical specialty Outpatient DELivery through virtual SLEEP care (REMODEL-SLEEP)

Role: PI
A significant challenge for the VA lies in providing specialty services to the 50% of Veterans who require them. One condition with a particular unmet need for specialty care is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Many Veterans are referred to community care providers to provide specialty access. Still, our preliminary data suggest these referrals can be costly and lead to delays in care.
Using care for OSA as a model, our research seeks to inform the delivery of VA specialty services in a Veteran-centered, effective, and efficient way.
To do so, we will refine and pilot a program of virtual sleep consults to facilitate care within community-based outpatient clinics.
We will elicit perspectives from Veterans and health care providers to guide necessary adaptations to our program.
We will pilot our intervention to obtain information essential to planning a definitive trial.
We will also conduct nationwide cost and budget impact analyses to understand current practices' costs better and project the costs of replacing community care referrals with VA-based services.
Funder: Veterans Affairs
NIH website
Publications of note:
Impact of mail-based continuous positive airway pressure initiation on treatment usage and effectiveness
The Challenges of Estimating Causal Effects of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Therapy from Observational Data
Approaching sleep apnea management in the setting of uncertainty

National Referral Coordination Evaluation

Role: Co-PI
Funder: Veterans Affairs, Office of Integrated Veterans Care

Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine Training Grant

Role: Fellow
Funder: NIH/NHLBI

Academic Sleep Pulmonary Integrated REsearch/Clinical (ASPIRE) Fellowship

Role: Fellow
Funder: American Thoracic Society

Predictors, consequences, and motivations of benzodiazepine use in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Role: PI
Funder: NIH/NHLBI

VISN-20 Specialty Care Routing Evaluation

Role: PI
Funder: Veterans Affairs, Office of Veterans Access to Care

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Recent Publications

2024

Hayes S, Duan KI, Wai TH, Picazo F, Donovan LM, Spece LJ, Plumley R, Slatore CG, Thakur N, Crothers K, Au DH, Feemster LC. Association Between Neighborhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prevalence Among U.S. Veterans. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2024 Jan 22. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202308-668RL. Epub ahead of print.
PMID: 38252425.
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2023

Donovan LM, Keller TL, Stewart NH, Wright J, Spece LJ, Duan KI, Leonhard A, Palen BN, Billings ME, Au DH, Feemster LC. Assessment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Primary Care. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2023 Dec 13. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.2023.0438. Epub ahead of print.
PMID: 38095613.
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Donovan LM, McDowell JA, Pannick AP, Pai J, Bais AF, Plumley R, Wai TH, Grunwald GK, Josey K, Sayre GG, Helfrich CD, Zeliadt SB, Hoerster KD, Ma J, Au DH. Protocol for a pragmatic trial testing a self-directed lifestyle program targeting weight loss among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (POWER Trial). Contemp Clin Trials. 2023 Nov 5;135:107378. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2023.107378. Epub ahead of print.
PMID: 37935303
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Duan KI, Donovan LM, Spece LJ, Wong ES, Feemster LC, Bryant AD, Plumley R, Crothers K, Au DH. Inhaler Formulary Change in COPD and the Association with Exacerbations, Health Care Utilization, and Costs. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2023 Nov 6. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.2023.0425. Epub ahead of print.
PMID: 37931593.
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Castaneda JM, Hee Wai T, Spece LJ, Duan KI, Leonhard A, Griffith MF, Plumley R, Palen BN, Feemster LC, Au DH, Donovan LM. Risks of Zolpidem among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023 Nov 2. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202307-654OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37916873.
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Stewart NH, Press VG, Donovan L. Sleep, the Forgotten, Yet Potentially Modifiable, Dimension in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Care. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 Aug 15;208(4):504-505. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202305-0795LE. PMID: 37311239.
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Donovan LM, Wai T, Spece LJ, Duan KI, Griffith MF, Leonhard A, Plumley R, Hayes SA, Picazo F, Crothers K, Kapur VK, Palen BN, Au DH, Feemster LC. Sleep Testing and Mortality in a Propensity-matched Cohort of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023 Aug 14. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202303-275OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 37579136.
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Donovan LM, Hoyos CM, Kimoff RJ, Morrell MJ, Bosch NA, Chooljian DM, McEvoy RD, Sawyer AM, Wagner TH, Al-Lamee RR, Bishop D, Carno MA, Epstein M, Hanson M, Ip MSM, Létourneau M, Pamidi S, Patel SR, Pépin JL, Punjabi NM, Redline S, Thornton JD, Patil SP. Strategies to Assess the Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Long-Term Clinically Important Outcomes among Patients with Symptomatic Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023 Jul;20(7):931-943. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202303-258ST. PMID: 37387624.
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Duan KI, Donovan LM, Spece LJ, Feemster LC, Bryant AD, Plumley R, Collins MP, Au DH. Trends and Rural-Urban Differences in the Initial Prescription of Low-Value Inhaled Corticosteroids among US Veterans with COPD. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023 Feb 27. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202205-458OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36867427.
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Duan KI, Donovan LM. Coverage Decisions for Positive Airway Pressure Therapy: Intended and Unintended Consequences. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2023 Jan;20(1):28-29. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202211-912ED. PMID: 36584987
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2022

Hoerster KD, Hunter-Merrill R, Nguyen T, Rise P, Barón AE, McDowell J, Donovan LM, Gleason E, Lane A, Plumley R, Schooler M, Schuttner L, Collins M, Au DH, Ma J. Effect of a Remotely Delivered Self-directed Behavioral Intervention on Body Weight and Physical Health Status Among Adults With Obesity: The D-ELITE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2022 Dec 13;328(22):2230-2241. doi: 10.1001/jama.2022.21177.
PMID: 36511927.
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Spece LJ, Weppner WG, Weiner BJ, Collins M, Adamson R, Berger DB, Nelson KM, McDowell J, Epler E, Carvalho PG, Woo DM, Donovan LM, Feemster LC, Au DH, Au DH, Sayre G. Primary Care Provider Experience With Proactive E-Consults to Improve COPD Outcomes and Access to Specialty Care. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2022 Dec 5. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.2022.0357. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36472622.
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Donovan LM, Patel SR. Approaching sleep apnea management in the setting of uncertainty. Sleep. 2022 Sep 23:zsac234. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsac234. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36149838.
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Donovan LM, Patel SR. The Challenges of Estimating Causal Effects of CPAP Therapy from Observational Data. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2022 Aug 16. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202207-1413LE. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35973224.
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Au DH, Chang JA, Davidson TA, Donovan LM, Goss CH, Feemster LC, Stapleton RD. Translating Individual Mentorship to Generalizable Action: Lessons Learned From J Randall Curtis. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2022 Jun;63(6):e641-e642. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2022.03.014. PMID: 35595377.
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Donovan LM, Parsons EC, McCall CA, He K, Sharma R, Gamache J, Pannick AP, McDowell JA, Pai J, Epler E, Duan KI, Spece LJ, Feemster LC, Kapur VK, Au DH, Palen BN. Impact of mail-based continuous positive airway pressure initiation on treatment usage and effectiveness. Sleep Breath. 2022 Mar 26. doi: 10.1007/s11325-022-02608-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35347655.
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Donovan LM, Au DH. Sleep Apnea, Obesity, and Readmissions: Real Risks or Residual Confounding? Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2022 Mar;19(3):361-362. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202111-1304ED. PMID: 35230227.

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Donovan LM. Rural residence and adherence to continuous positive airway pressure therapy: have we overcome a barrier? J Clin Sleep Med. 2022 Feb 3. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.9916. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35105438.
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Mog AC, Liang PS, Donovan LM, Sayre GG, Shaukat A, May FP, Glorioso TJ, Jorgenson MA, Wood GB, Mueller C, Dominitz JA. Timely Colonoscopy After Positive Fecal Immunochemical Tests in the Veterans Health Administration: A Qualitative Assessment of Current Practice and Perceived Barriers. Clin Transl Gastroenterol. 2022 Jan 19. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000438. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35060937.
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2021

Keller TL, Wright J, Donovan LM, Spece LJ, Duan K, Sulayman N, Dominitz A, Curtis JR, Au DH, Feemster LC. Association of Patient and Primary Care Provider Factors with Outpatient COPD Care Quality. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2021 Dec 16. doi: 10.15326/jcopdf.2021.0232. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34915603.

Donovan LM, Mog AC, Blanchard KN, Magid KH, Syed AS, Kelley LR, Spece LJ, Palen BN, Arfons LM, Kirsh S, Au DH, Sayre GG. Staff Experiences with a Team-based Approach to Sleep Medicine Referrals: A Qualitative Evaluation. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2021 Nov 17. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202107-838OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34788585.

Donovan LM, Kapur VK. Understanding Sleep Apnea Physiology: A Potential Path to Improving PAP Effectiveness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Aug 3. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202106-1474ED. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34344285.

Donovan L, Parsons E, Epler E, McCall C, He K, Sharma R, Duan K, Spece L, Feemster L, Kapur V, Au D, Palen B. 677 Impact of Remote Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Set-up on Treatment Usage and Effectiveness. Sleep. 2021 May 3;44(Suppl2):A264–A265.
doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab072.675.

Konikkara J, Kabir A, David R, Donovan L, Palen B. 659 Optimizing Telehealth technology in Sleep Medicine at a VA Medical center during the COVID19 pandemic. Sleep. 2021 May; 44(2Suppl):A257–258.
doi:10.1093/sleep/zsab072.657.

Donovan LM, Mog AC, Blanchard KN, Magid KH, Syed AS, Kelley LR, Palen BN, Parsons EC, McCall CC, Thompson W, Charlton M, Spece LJ, Kirsh S, Au DH, Sayre GG. Patient experiences with telehealth in sleep medicine: a qualitative evaluation. J Clin Sleep Med. 2021 Mar 23. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.9266. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33755010.

Hawkins EJ, Lott AM, Danner AN, Malte CA, Hagedorn HJ, Berger D, Donovan LM, Sayre GG, Mariano AJ, Saxon AJ. Primary Care and Mental Health Prescribers, Key Clinical Leaders, and Clinical Pharmacist Specialists' Perspectives on Opioids and Benzodiazepines. Pain Med. 2021 Mar 1:pnaa435. doi: 10.1093/pm/pnaa435. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33661287.

Donovan LM, PalenBN, Fernandes LA, Whittington MD, Feser WJ, Blankenhorn R, Gunzburger E,Grunwald GK, Gamache J, Liao JM, Kirsh S, Au DH. The Referral Coordination Team: A Redesign of Specialty Care to Enhance Service Delivery and Value in Sleep Medicine. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery Vol. 2 No. 2 February 2021. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1056/CAT.20.0403.

2020

Donovan LM, Palen BN, Syed A, Blankenhorn R, Blanchard K, Feser WJ, Magid K, Gamache J, Spece LJ, Feemster LC, Fernandes L, Kirsh S, Au DH. Nurse-led triage of new sleep referrals is associated with lower risk of potentially contraindicated sleep testing: a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Qual Saf. 2020 Dec 22:bmjqs-2020-011817. doi: 10.1136/bmjqs-2020-011817. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33443226.

Griffith MF, Chen HP, Bekelman DB, Feemster LC, Spece LJ, Donovan LM, Au DH, Carey EP. Comorbid Anxiety and Depression, Though Underdiagnosed, Are Not Associated with High Rates of Low-Value Care in Patients with COPD. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020 Dec 11. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201912-877OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33306930.

Duan KI, Spece LJ, Wong ES, Feemster LC, Donovan LM, Griffith MF, Keller TL, Bryant AD, Au DH. Low-value Inhaled Corticosteroids in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and the Association with Health Care Utilization and Costs. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020 Dec 8. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202009-1128OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33290180.

Spece LJ, Epler EM, Duan K, Donovan LM, Griffith MF, LaBedz S, Thakur N, Wiener RS, Krishnan JA, Au DH, Feemster LC. Reassessment of Home Oxygen Prescription after Hospitalization for COPD: A Potential Target for De-implementation. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020 Oct 19. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.202004-364OC. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33075243.

Patel SR, Donovan LM. The COVID-19 Pandemic Presents an Opportunity to Reassess the Value of Polysomnography. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Aug 1;202(3):309-310. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202005-1546ED. PMCID: PMC7397790. PMID: 32510968.

Spece LJ, Donovan LM, Griffith MF, Keller T, Feemster LC, Smith NL, Au DH. Initiating Low-Value Inhaled Corticosteroids in an Inception Cohort with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2020 May;17(5):589-595. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201911-854OC. PMID: 31899652.

Donovan LM, Kapur VK. Screening commercial drivers for sleep apnea: are profits and public safety aligned? Sleep. 2020 Apr 15;43(4):zsaa043. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa043. PMID: 32221540.

Keller T, Spece LJ, Donovan LM, Udris E, Coggeshall SS, Griffith M, Bryant AD, Casaburi R, Cooper JA Jr, Criner GJ, Diaz PT, Fuhlbrigge AL, Gay SE, Kanner RE, Martinez FJ, Panos RJ, Shade D, Sternberg A, Stibolt T, Stoller JK, Tonascia J, Wise R, Yusen RD, Au DH, Feemster LC. Association of Guideline-Recommended COPD Inhaler Regimens With Mortality, Respiratory Exacerbations, and Quality of Life: A Secondary Analysis of the Long-Term Oxygen Treatment Trial. Chest. 2020 Aug;158(2):529-538. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2020.02.073. Epub 2020 Apr 9. PMCID: PMC7417382. PMID: 32278779.

Donovan LM, Yu L, Bertisch SM, Buysse DJ, Rueschman M, Patel SR. Responsiveness of Patient-Reported Outcomes to Treatment Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and OSA. Chest. 2020 Mar;157(3):665-672. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.11.011. Epub 2019 Nov 27. PMCID: PMC7609963. PMID: 31785255.

Donovan LM, Fernandes LA, Williams KM, Parsons EC, O'Hearn DJ, He K, McCall CA, Johnson KA, Kennedy MW, Syed AS, Thompson WH, Spece LJ, Feemster LC, Kirsh S, Au DH, Palen BN. Agreement of sleep specialists with registered nurses' sleep study orders in supervised clinical practice. J Clin Sleep Med. 2020 Feb 15;16(2):279-283. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.8182. Epub 2020 Jan 13. PMCID: PMC7053017. PMID: 31992435.

2019

Griffith MF, Feemster LC, Zeliadt SB, Donovan LM, Spece LJ, Udris EM, Au DH. Overuse and Misuse of Inhaled Corticosteroids Among Veterans with COPD: a Cross-sectional Study Evaluating Targets for De-implementation. J Gen Intern Med. 2020 Mar;35(3):679-686. doi: 10.1007/s11606-019-05461-1. Epub 2019 Nov 11. PMCID: PMC7080925. PMID: 31713043.

Donovan LM, Shah A, Chai-Coetzer CL, Barbé F, Ayas NT, Kapur VK. Redesigning Care for OSA. Chest. 2020 Apr;157(4):966-976. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.10.002. Epub 2019 Oct 19. PMCID: PMC7118239. PMID: 31639334.

Triplette M, Donovan LM, Crothers K, Madtes DK, Au DH. Prediction of Lung Cancer Screening Eligibility Using Simplified Criteria. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019 Oct;16(10):1280-1285. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201903-239OC. PMID: 31298946.

Donovan LM, Coggeshall SS, Spece LJ, Griffith MF, Palen BN, Parsons EC, Todd-Stenberg JA, Glorioso TJ, Carey EP, Feemster LC, Zeliadt SB, Kirsh S, Au DH. Use of In-Laboratory Sleep Studies in the Veterans Health Administration and Community Care. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Sep 15;200(6):779-782. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201902-0313LE. PMC7330508 PMID: 31206308.

Donovan LM, Malte CA, Spece LJ, Griffith MF, Feemster LC, Zeliadt SB, Au DH, Hawkins EJ. Center Predictors of Long-Term Benzodiazepine Use in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019 Sep;16(9):1151-1157. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201901-048OC. PMC6812159 PMID: 31113231.

Donovan LM, Bertisch SM, Patel SR. Defining Exposure and Nonexposure in Observational Studies of Sleep Apnea Treatment. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Aug 8. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2019.1880. Online ahead of print. PMID: 31393547.

Kapur VK, Donovan LM. Taking Care of Persistent Sleepiness in Patients with Sleep Apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Jun 1;199(11):1310-1311. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201812-2291ED. PMC6543718 PMID: 30589565.

Griffith MF, Feemster LC, Donovan LM, Spece LJ, Krishnan JA, Lindenauer PK, McBurnie MA, Mularski RA, Au DH. Poor Metered-Dose Inhaler Technique Is Associated with Overuse of Inhaled Corticosteroids in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019 Jun;16(6):765-768. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201812-889RL. PMC6543465 PMID: 30763114.

Kapur VK, Donovan LM. Why a Single Index to Measure Sleep Apnea Is Not Enough. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019 May 15;15(5):683-684. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.7746. PMC6510677 PMID: 31053224.

Billings ME, Krishnan V, Su G, Donovan LM, Patel SR, Hudgel DW, Ahasic AM, Wilson KC, Thomson CC. Clinical Practice Guideline Summary for Clinicians: The Role of Weight Management in the Treatment of Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019 Apr;16(4):405-408. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201810-708CME. PMID: 30742491.

Donovan LM, Feemster LC, Udris EM, Griffith MF, Spece LJ, Palen BN, He K, Parthasarathy S, Strohl KP, Kapur VK, Au DH. Poor Outcomes Among Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Higher Risk for Undiagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the LOTT Cohort. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019 Jan 15;15(1):71-77. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.7574. PMC6329538 PMID: 30621828.

Parsons EC, Carter JC, Wrede JE, Donovan LM, Palen BN. Practical implementation of noninvasive ventilation in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: lessons learned from a clinical case series. Can J Respir Ther. 2019 Jan 9;55:13-15. doi: 10.29390/cjrt-2018-020. eCollection 2019. PMC6591783 PMID: 31297440.

Donovan LM, Malte CA, Spece LJ, Griffith MF, Feemster LC, Engelberg RA, Au DH, Hawkins EJ. Risks of Benzodiazepines in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2019 Jan;16(1):82-90. doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201802-145OC. PMC6344455 PMID: 30309243.

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